Unloading mechanism for compressors



Afyril 29, 1930. YM. RIESVNER 5,

' UNLOADING'MECHANISM FOR COMPRESSORS I Filed Nov. 18; 1926 z Sheets-Sheet 1 figul.

ATTORNEY MIcHAELRIEsNER.

13- 51 [TORI 1a BY] April 29, 1930.

M. RIESNER UNLOADING MECHANISM FOR COMPRESSORS Filed Nov. 18, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 TOR MIcH EL Ruz'su an.

ATTORNEY' Patented Apr. 29, 1930 UNITED I STATES MICHAEL RIESNEE, OF CINCINNATI, OHTO, ASSIGNOR TO WORTHINGTON PUMP AND v MACHINERY CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,-A. CORPORATION OF VIRGINIA UNLOAJJING MECHANISM FOR COMPRESSORS Application filed November 18, 1926. Serial No. 149,090.

This invention relates tovariable capacity air or gas compressors and more particularly 1 to an automatic stop and start unloading mechanism for use in connection with control apparatus of approved type employed for unloading and loading compressors, gradually by variances of receiver pressure.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved pressure operated mechanism acting upon the unloader control apparatus and controlled by stopping and starting of the compressor for unloading all of the cylinders of the compressor when stopped, leaving it in an unloaded condition for starting, and operating to permit loading of the cylinders when the compressor reaches substantially full speed upon starting.

With these objects in view, the invention consists in various features of construction and combination of parts, which will be first described in connection with the accompa-' nying drawings, showing an unloading mechanism for compressors of the preferred form embodying the invention, and the features forming the invention will be specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings-- I Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of the stop and start unloading mechanism showing it associated with a compressor and its companion mechanisms.

Figure 2 is a vertical section through a part of the unloading mechanism.

Figure 3 is a detailed section through the solenoid operated control or governor valve and taken on the line 33 of Figure 4.

Figure 4 is a side elevation of the solenoid operated control or governor valve.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, an air or' gas compressor 1 of any approved construction, having pressure operated unloading valve structures 2, which are, in turn, controlled by the control apparatus 3 is illustrated in connection with the improved stop and start unloading mechanism.

#1,579,781 and myco-pending application Serial Number 136,008.

The control apparatus 3 which controls,

through receiver pressure the operation of the unloading valve mechanisms 2 embodies a pilotvalve 1 which controls admittance of operating fluid under pressure to the apparatus 3 and the pilot valve 4 is, in turn, controlled by' the pivoted weighted lever 5 actuated through the medium of any suitable mechanism by receiver pressure to control the flow of pressure fluid for actuating the apparatus 3. This mechanism is more specifically illustrated and described in the patent and co-pending application above referred to. v

The present invention comprehends the provision of pressure operated means controlled by the stopping and starting of the compressor 1 for operating the lever 5 and through the control apparatus 3 operating the valves 2.

Specifically the stop and start unloading mechanism includes a cylinder 10 supported in any suitable manner, such as by support 11 from the base 12 of the control apparatus 3. A piston 13 is positioned in the cylinder 10 and has an abutment pin or rod 14 carried thereby which projects through the cover 15 of the cylinder 10 and engages the under edge of the lever 5. A pipe 16 communicates with the interior of the cylinder 10 beneath the piston 13 for admitting fluid under pressure into the cylinderand this pipe 16 communicates through suitable connections with thebore 17 of the governor or control valve 18. The bore 17 of the control valve 18 has communication through a pipe 19 with an auxiliary receiver 20 or with the main receiver 21, if it is so desired. A piston 22 is mounted within the bore 17 and is connected to a suitable coupling 23 with the solenoid 24 of any approved construction.

The energizing and de-energizing of the solenoid 24 is controlled by the controller 25, which controls the operation of the compressor 1 and energizing of the solenoid 24 and consequent operation of the piston 13 for permitting loading operation of the control apparatus 3 is prevented until the compressor 1 has reached substantially full speed, upon starting owing to the fact that t 26 engages the auxiliary contact 27 The contact 27 is positionedin proximity to. .the last contact 28 on the controller, as clearly shown in Figure 10f the drawings.

In starting, when the compressor 1 has reached substantially its maximum speed or reaches synchronous speed with its operating motor, the controller lever 26 will engage the contact 27 which will permit energizing of the solenoid 24. When the solenoid 24becomes energized it will lift the piston 22 into the position shown in Figure 3 of the drawings, opening the pipe 16 to the atmosphere through the lower end of the governor valve 18. The fluid under pressure then bleeds from within the cylinder 10 through the pipe 16 to the atmosphere and releases the piston 13, permitting it to move downwardly and release the lever 5 which places the compressor 1 under control of the pressure governor or control apparatus 3 for regulating or governing the unloading of the compressor 1 during its operation.

When the compressor 1 is stopped, the controller lever 26 is moved out of engagement with the contact 27 which de-energizes the solenoid 24 and the piston 22 of the governor valve 18, then drops, which permits fluid un' der pressure to pass from the pipe 19 through the bore 17 and pipe 16 into the cylinder 10. The fluid under pressure entering the cylin der 10 moves the piston 13 upwardly and raises the lever 5 through the medium of the pin 14 and unloads the compressor 1 through the pressure governor or control apparatus 3 the governor piston and unloader control valve being moved throughout their full stroke as per the'operation of this mechanism described in the above mentioned prior patent and co-pending application, and held in such I full stroke position while the compressor is stopped.

The auxiliary receiver 20 is provided for maintaining working pressure through the stop and start unloading mechanism and a check valve 31 is positioned between the auxiliary receiver 20 and the main receiver 21 to prevent lowering of the pressure within the auxiliary receiver upon the lowering of the pressure in the main receiver. 1

Hand operated valves are provided to permitmanual unloading ofthe compressor 1, and

when it is desired, to unload the compressor by hand, the valves 32iand 33 are closed and the valve 34 is opened, which admits pressure direct from the auxiliary receiver 20 throu h the pipe 35 into the cylinder 10. When t e unloading is under solenoid control,-valves 32 and 33 are open and valve 34 closed.-

It will be understood that the invention is not to be limitedto the specific construction or arrangement of parts shown but that these 0 solenoid 24 is energized only when the controller lever maynbe modified widely within the invention de ed'by the claims.

lVhat is claimed is:

1. The combination with an air or gas compressor, unloading mechanism therefor, and a pressure governor including a pivoted lever for controlling operation of said unloading mechanism, of pressure operated means acting upon said lever to operate said pressure governor to unload the compressor upon the cutting off of operating power ofthe compressor and to maintain said unloading mechanism in unloading position while the compressor is stopped.

2. The combination with an air or gas compressor, unloading mechanism therefor, and a pressure governor including a pivoted lever for controlling operation of said unloading mechanism, of pressure operated means acting upon said lever to operate said pressure governor to unload the compressor upon the cutting 011' of operatingv power of the compressor and to maintain said unloading mechanism in unloading position while the compressor is stopped, and means controlled by the stopping and starting mechanism of the compressor for controlling operation of said pressure operated means, said last named means constructed so that the compressor will upon starting reach substantially maximum speed in an unloaded state and before oper-.

ation of said unloading mechanism to load the compressor. I I

3. The combination with an air or gas compressor, unloading mechanism therefor, and a pressure governor for controlling operation of said unloading mechanism, said pressure governor including a pivoted lever, of pressure operated means acting upon said lever, a governor valve for controlling operation of said pressure operated means, and means controlled by the stopping and starting of the compressor for operating said governor valve.

4'. The combinationwith an air or gas compressor, unloading mechanism therefor, a pressure governor for controlling operatlon of said unloading mechanism, and the controller of the prime mover of the compressor, of pressure operated means acting upon said pressure governor, a governor valve for controlling operation of said pressure operated means, a solenoid for operating said governor valve, said solenoid being connected to said controller whereby the governor valve will operate to operate said pressure operated means for operating said unloading mecha:

'nism through said pressure governor to unload the compressor upon the stoppmg of the compressor. 1

5. The combmatlon with an air or gas com- .pressor, unloading mechanism therefor, a pressure governor. for controlling operation nected whereby the compressor will reach substantially maximum speed before operation of the governor valve to permit operation ofthe pressure operated means to allow loading of the compressor. l

.6. The combination with an air or gas compressor, unloading mechanism therefor, and

a pressure governor for controlling operation of said unloading mechanism, of pressure operated means acting upon said governor, a governor valve for controlling operation of said pressure actuated means, means controlled by the stopping and starting of the compressor for operating said governor'valve, and hand operated valves for permitting operating of said pressure operated means independently of said governor valve.

7. The combination with an electricdriven air or gas compressor, unloading mechanism therefor, 'a controller for the electric driving mechanism, and a pressure governor including a pivoted lever for controlling operation of said mechanism, of means including a sole,- noi'd operated by electric current controlled through said controller and acting upon said lever to operate said pressure governor to unload. the compressor upon the cutting ofi of operating current of the compressor, said means constructed so that the compressor will upon starting reach substantially maximum speed in an unloaded state before operation a of the means to permit operation of said unloading mechanism to load the compressor.

8. The combination with an air or gas compressor, unloading mechanism therefor, and a pressure governor for controlling operation of said unloading mechanism, of pressure operated means for operating said pressure governor to unload the compressor upon the cutting off of operating power of the compressor and to maintain said unloading mechanism in unloading position while the compressor is stopped and means controlled by the stopping and starting mechanism of the compres sor for controlling operation of said pressure operated means.

9. The combination with an air or gas compressor, unloading mechanism therefor, and

a ressure governor for controlling operation I of said unloading mechanism, of pressure operated means to operate said pressure governor to unload the compressor upon the cutting ofl of operating power of the compressor, and means controlled by the stopping and starting mechanism of the compressor forcontrolling operation of said pressure operated means, said last named means constructed so that the compressor will, upon starting, reach substantially maximum speed in an unloaded state.

10.' The combination with an air or gas compressor, unloading mechanism therefor, and a pressure governor for controlling operation of said unloading mechanism, of pressure operated means for operating said pressure governor, a governor valve for controlling operation of said pressure operated means, and means controlled by the stopping and starting mechanism of the compressor for operating said governor valve. 11. The combination with an electric driven air or gas compressor, unloading mechanism therefor, a controller for the electric driven mechanism, and a pressure governor for controlling operation of said mechanism, of means including a solenoid energized by electric current controlled by said controller to operate said pressure governor to unload the compressor upon the cutting oil of operating current of the compressor, said means constructed so that the compressor will upon starting reach substantially maximum speed in an unloaded state before operation of the means to permit operation of said unloading mechanism to load the compressor.

12. The combination with an air or gas compressor, unloading merhanism therefor, and a pressure operated governor for controlling operation of said unloading mechanism, of pressure operatedmeans to operate said pressure governor-to unload the compressor, and electrically responsive means controlling operation of said pressure operated means whereby the compressor will be unloaded upon stopping of operation thereof.

13. The combination with an air or gas compressor, unloading mechanism therefor,

. and a pressure governor for controlling opercompressor, unloading mechanism therefor,

and a pressure governorincluding a pivoted lever for controlling operation of said unloadmg mechanism, of pressure operated means acting upon said lever to operate said pressure governor, and electrically responsive means controlling operation of said pressure operated means whereby the compressor will be unloaded upon the cutting off of operating power of the compressor, said pressure operated means and electrlcally responslve means constructed whereby the compressor will be maintained in unloading position while the compressor is stopped and until the compressor reaches substantially maximum speed upon starting. I

In testimony whereof-I afiix my signature.

MICHAEL RIESNER. 

